Essentials of Commerce - A Textbook for ISC Class XII (2025-26 Session)

The world of “Commerce” has always been very exciting and dynamic since it is an integral part of every human being’s day-to-day activities. With a view to making its study more relevant and interesting, we present this thoroughly revised edition of Essentials of Commerce for ISC Class XII students.

The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations had recently revised the syllabus by including the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, and also specifically included the concepts of ‘IMPS’, e-Rupi, Positive pay system, UPI, Digital Wallets, etc., in the Banking chapter. These have been elaborated in the appropriate chapter. The book has been written in accordance with the syllabus prescribed by the Council incorporating all the changes.

The subject matter has been presented in a simple, direct and lucid manner for a better understanding of the ever-changing business world. Extracts from management literature, business laws, references and examples from Indian as well as global experiences have been included in each chapter to help the students get a fair idea of the complex business world.

Another highlight of the book is inclusion of real-life examples in each chapter. Salient features of the book are: A fresh approach to understanding the dynamic and complex business world. Integrating the text with real-life business situations and select business developments in management literature given as Box Items for creating experiential learning about real business practices.

Latest developments in the business world like one-person company, limited liability partnership, differential voting shares, metaverse banking trends like mobile apps, IMPS, positive pay system have been covered to enable students compete in today’s business world. Usage of diagrams and tabular formats for quick grasp of the subject. Learning Objectives given strictly as per the syllabus, followed by simple and comprehensive text.